Cement-Basic Civil Engineering|IEO,Polytechnic Lecturer,Assistant Engineer,Sub Engineer,Overseer,Assistant Professor
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Basic Civil Engineering- Cement
Cement:
Cement is the product obtained by Burning a well- proportioned mixture of Siliceous, Argillaceous and calcareous materials and crushing the same in to a fine powder.
The Cement-water paste has its characteristic properties of adhesion and cohesion by which it can bond well with aggregates to form a strong rock like mass called concrete as a consequence of the chemical reaction between cement and water.
Ordinary Portland Cement:
The most common type of artificial cement.
This was first invented by a mason Joseph Aspidin of England in 1824.
This cement, when hardened resembled to sand stone, which was found in plenty at a place, Portland in England.
This cement is often referred as Ordinary Portland Cement(O.P.C).
In India, this cement was first manufactured by Indian Concrete Company Ltd at Porbander in 1914.
Ordinary Portland Cement(O.P.C) is the cement used for normal construction.
It has adhesive and cohesive properties so that it forms a good bond with other materials.
It solidifies when mixed with water. It is the most active binding medium.
Cement is obtained by burning a mixture of the following materials in a defenite proportion.
- Siliceous materials (containing Silica)
- Argillaceous materials (containing Alumina)
- Cacareous materials (containing Lime)
The temperature to which the mixture must be burnt is about 1400 degree Celsius. The clinker so obtained is cooled and powdered to the required fineness. The product is called Cement.
Cements of different properties are obtained by mixing the above components in different proportions alond with small percentages of other chemicals.
Portland Cement is the most important type of cement and is widely used.
Portland cement consists of the following important components.
- lime- 60% to 67 %
- Silica- 17% to 25 %
- Alumina- 3 % to 8 %
- Iron Oxide - 0.50% to 6 %
- Magnesia - 0.10 % to 4 %
- Sulphur tri Oxide - 1 % to 2.75 %
The manufacture of Portland Cement will be discussed in the next post.
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